Pulmonary and thoracic infection by Fusobacterium nucleatum. / Infección pulmonar y torácica por Fusobacterium nucleatum.

INTRODUCTION: Fusobacterium nucleatum is an anaerobic bacillus that is part of the oral microbiota and dental pla que. This can cause local and potentially remote infections, which are exceptional in pediatrics. Ob jective: To present the case of a patient with lung injury with chest wall invasion by Fusobacterium nucleatum. CLINICAL CASE: An 11-year-old female immunocompetent patient who consulted due to a two-week history of cough, night sweats, without fever or weight loss, and increased volume at the left spleen thoracic level. There was no history of chest wall trauma or travel outside the country. Two weeks before the onset of symptoms, she was treated for dental caries. Imaging studies and CT scan showed left spleen pneumonia, which invades the pleura and the chest wall. A minimal thoracotomy was performed, releasing a thick, foul-smelling liquid. The studies for common germs and tubercu losis were negative. Hematology ruled out tumor lesions. The anaerobic study reported the develo pment of Fusobacterium nucleatum. The patient was treated with penicillin followed by amoxicillin presenting good clinical and radiological responses. The dental procedure was suspected as the cause of infection. CONCLUSIONS: Fusobacterium nucleatum can occasionally cause remote or extra-oral in fections in immunocompetent patients, such as pneumonia with chest wall invasion, therefore it is necessary to bear it in mind.

Enfermedad neumocócica invasiva por serotipo 38, reporte de caso clínico / Invasive pneumococcal disease by serotype 38, a clinical case report

La enfermedad neumocócica invasiva (ENI) es causa de morbimortalidad prevenible en pediatría. Con la introducción de vacunas antineumocócicas conjugadas disminuyó la prevalencia de ENI en 61,9% en los menores de 2 años, y se produjo un cambio en la distribución de serotipos y un aumento de ENI por serotipos no vaccinales. En este contexto, es relevante la vigilancia epidemiológica de los serotipos emergentes causantes de ENI en la población. Se presentará el caso de una lactante de 11 meses con diagnóstico de meningitis causada por neumococo serotipo 38, su evolución y consecuencias clínicas, y se realiza un análisis de la situación epidemiológica actual.

In pediatrics,invasive pneumococcal disease is a preventable cause ofmorbidity andmortality.The introduction of conjugated pneumococcal vaccines has reduced the prevalence of invasive pneumococcal disease by 61.9% in the under two's and has brought about a change in the distribution of serotypes and a rise in invasive pneumococcal disease caused by non-vaccine serotypes.This being the case,itis very importanttomonitorthe epidemiology ofthe emerging serotypes causing the disease in the population.We presentthe case of an 11 month old infant diagnosed with meningitis caused by serotype 38, describing his clinical course andclinical consequences; andweperforman analysis ofthepresent epidemiologica lsituation